See pleyer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "player"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "player"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:pleġere",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Germanic *plegō\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂ti\nProto-Germanic *-ōną\nProto-West Germanic *-ōn\nProto-West Germanic *plegōn\nOld English plegian\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nOld English pleġere\nMiddle English pleyer\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōn\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*plegōn\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"plegian\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"pleġere\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"pleyer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"pleyer\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "pleġere"
},
"expansion": "Old English pleġere",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pleyen",
"3": "-ere",
"id1": "play",
"id2": "agentive",
"pos2": "suffix forming agent nouns",
"t1": "to play"
},
"expansion": "pleyen (“to play”) + -ere (suffix forming agent nouns)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Germanic *plegō\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂ti\nProto-Germanic *-ōną\nProto-West Germanic *-ōn\nProto-West Germanic *plegōn\nOld English plegian\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nOld English pleġere\nMiddle English pleyer\nFrom Old English pleġere; equivalent to pleyen (“to play”) + -ere (suffix forming agent nouns).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pleyers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pleyar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "plaer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "player",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pleyere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "plaier",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pleiere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pleier",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pleyare",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "playere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "pleyer",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pleyer (plural pleyers)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 18 18 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Entertainment",
"orig": "enm:Entertainment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 23 17 18 22",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Games",
"orig": "enm:Games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 21 16 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "enm:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 22 17 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 11 13 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "enm:Sports",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who makes entertainment for themselves:",
"One who participates in a game or sport; a player."
],
"id": "en-pleyer-enm-noun-gTh2171F",
"links": [
[
"game",
"game"
],
[
"sport",
"sport"
],
[
"player",
"player"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 18 18 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Entertainment",
"orig": "enm:Entertainment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 30 18 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Gambling",
"orig": "enm:Gambling",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 23 17 18 22",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Games",
"orig": "enm:Games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 21 16 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "enm:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 22 17 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who makes entertainment for themselves:",
"One who gambles or bets on a game."
],
"id": "en-pleyer-enm-noun-B5LKeQ8q"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 18 18 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Entertainment",
"orig": "enm:Entertainment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 23 17 18 22",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Games",
"orig": "enm:Games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 21 16 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "enm:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 22 17 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who makes entertainment for themselves:",
"A participant in festivities or revelry."
],
"id": "en-pleyer-enm-noun-ZtuEzxBu"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 18 18 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Entertainment",
"orig": "enm:Entertainment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 23 17 18 22",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Games",
"orig": "enm:Games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 21 16 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "enm:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 22 17 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who provides entertainment (e.g. songs, dance, music)"
],
"id": "en-pleyer-enm-noun-wwCYS-v4",
"raw_glosses": [
"One who provides entertainment (e.g. songs, dance, music):"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 15 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 15 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 15 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 18 16 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 16 17 15 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 8 21 7 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 18 14 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 15 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 16 17 15 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 18 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Entertainment",
"orig": "enm:Entertainment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 23 17 18 22",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Games",
"orig": "enm:Games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 9 13 27 40",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "enm:Music",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 21 16 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "enm:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 22 17 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 9 20 9 47",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Theater",
"orig": "enm:Theater",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who provides entertainment (e.g. songs, dance, music):",
"A performer or participant in a play or stage show."
],
"id": "en-pleyer-enm-noun-~pDHQD0A"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈplæi̯ər/"
}
],
"word": "pleyer"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"Middle English entries with etymon",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive)",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"enm:Entertainment",
"enm:Gambling",
"enm:Games",
"enm:Music",
"enm:Occupations",
"enm:People",
"enm:Sports",
"enm:Theater"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "player"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "player"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:pleġere",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Germanic *plegō\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂ti\nProto-Germanic *-ōną\nProto-West Germanic *-ōn\nProto-West Germanic *plegōn\nOld English plegian\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nOld English pleġere\nMiddle English pleyer\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōn\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*plegōn\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"plegian\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"pleġere\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"pleyer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"pleyer\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "pleġere"
},
"expansion": "Old English pleġere",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pleyen",
"3": "-ere",
"id1": "play",
"id2": "agentive",
"pos2": "suffix forming agent nouns",
"t1": "to play"
},
"expansion": "pleyen (“to play”) + -ere (suffix forming agent nouns)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Germanic *plegō\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂ti\nProto-Germanic *-ōną\nProto-West Germanic *-ōn\nProto-West Germanic *plegōn\nOld English plegian\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nOld English pleġere\nMiddle English pleyer\nFrom Old English pleġere; equivalent to pleyen (“to play”) + -ere (suffix forming agent nouns).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pleyers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pleyar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "plaer",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "player",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pleyere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "plaier",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pleiere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pleier",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pleyare",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "playere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "pleyer",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pleyer (plural pleyers)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"One who makes entertainment for themselves:",
"One who participates in a game or sport; a player."
],
"links": [
[
"game",
"game"
],
[
"sport",
"sport"
],
[
"player",
"player"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One who makes entertainment for themselves:",
"One who gambles or bets on a game."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One who makes entertainment for themselves:",
"A participant in festivities or revelry."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One who provides entertainment (e.g. songs, dance, music)"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"One who provides entertainment (e.g. songs, dance, music):"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One who provides entertainment (e.g. songs, dance, music):",
"A performer or participant in a play or stage show."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈplæi̯ər/"
}
],
"word": "pleyer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pleyer meaning in Middle English (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.